TENSIONS between Pope Leo XIV and Donald Trump are attracting world attention. Pope Leo criticized the United States’ support for the escalation of the US-Israel war in Iran.
特朗普回应称教皇“软弱”，并评估梵蒂冈的态度有损美国的国家安全利益。
这场辩论显示了两种不同政治道德愿景的冲突。
一方面，努力建设和平政治和普世道德；另一方面，国家安全政治和国家权力在国际眼中是需要维护的荣誉。
这些紧张局势阐明了双方的政治本质。
The question arises, does religion have a place in politics?
If so, how does the Vatican understand and conduct its politics?
The Vatican stands in two entities that are attached to each other. In the religious realm, the Vatican (Holy See) is the spiritual center of the world Catholic Church.
梵蒂冈（梵蒂冈城）也是一个拥有领土和政治主权的国家实体。梵蒂冈基于普世宗教价值观开展全球外交关系。
这一作用表明宗教仍然存在于现代公共领域，破坏了传统的世俗化概念，即现代化将削弱宗教在公共领域的作用。
宗教社会学家何塞·卡萨诺瓦（José Casanova）在《现代世界的公共宗教》（Public Religions in the Modern World，1994）一书中评价道，现代性并未将宗教从公共领域中剔除。
宗教实际上表现为一种道德的声音，大声疾呼实现正义与和平。
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世俗化并不是宗教的消亡，而是公共领域宗教与国家关系的变化。
The Vatican’s position on the struggle for peace is nothing new.
The encyclical Pacem in Terris, for one, was born in the midst of Cold War tensions and the global nuclear threat in 1963.
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